翻译英文合同需要注意的地方有哪些

Purchase Contract

采购合同

This contract was made on the _____ day of _____ xxxx, between Mr. _____ of _____ Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as the Seller) and Mr. _____ of _____ Company(Hereinafter referred to as the Buyer). Whereas the Seller has agreed to sell and the Buyer has agreed to buy _____ (hereinafter referred to as Contracted Products). The quality, specifications, quantity of the contracted products have been confirmed by both Parties and this contract is signed with the following terms and conditions:

此合同于xxxx年_____的_____日在_____有限公司(以下称为卖方)的______先生和____公司(以下称为买方)的_____先生之间订立。卖方同意出售而买方同意购买________(以下称为合约产品)。合约产品的质量，规格，数量已由双方确认并且此合同由以下条款签订。

1. Contract Products/合约产品: _________________________________________

2. Quantity/数量: ____________________________________________________

3. Origin/原产地: ____________________________________________________

4. Price/价格: _________________________________________F.O.B.(离岸价)

5. Shipment/出运：

First shipment to commence within 30-45 days from date of receipt of Letter of Credit, and all shipments are to be completed within twelve (12) months from date of first shipment.

第一批货应在收到信用证的30-45天内开始起运，而所有货物应在第一批货的12个月之内完成。

6. Grace Period/宽限期:

Should last shipment have to be extended for fulfilment of this contract, the Buyer shall give the Seller a grace period of thirty days upon submitting evidence by the Seller.

如果最后一批货不得不为了完成此合同进行延期，买方应在卖方提交证据后给予三十天的宽限期。

7. Insuracne/保险:

To be effected by the Buyer.

由买方购买。

8. Packing/包装

In new kraft paper bags of _____ kg/bag or in wooden cases of _____ kg/case, free of charge.

用免费的_____公斤/袋的新牛皮纸或用_____公斤/箱的木箱。合同样本网

9. Payment/付款:

The Buyer shall open a 100% confirmed, irrevocable, divisible and negotiable and partial shipment permitted Letter of Credit in favor of the Seller within 5 calendar days from date of the agreement through the Issuing Bank. The L/C shall be drawn against draft at sight upon first presentation of the following documents:

买方应通过开证行在协议签署日的5个历日内以卖方为受益人开立一100%的，保兑的，不可撤销的，可分割的和议付的，允许分批装运的信用证。此信用证应在第一次提交以下单据时开立即期汇票。

(1) Full set of Seller’s Commercial Invoices;

全套卖方商业发票

(2) Full set of clean, blank, endorsed Bill of Lading;

全套清洁，空白，背书提单

(3) Inspection Certificates of quality and weight.

质量和重量的检验证书

10. Notice of Readiness/备货通知:

The Buyer shall advise the Seller by fax the scheduled time of arrival of cargo vessel at least seven days prior to the arrival of the vessel at the loading port.

买方应在船只到达装货港的至少七天之前用传真通知卖方货物预计到达时间。

11. Performance Guarantee/履行合同保证金:

(1) Upon reciept of Buyer’s Irrevocable L/C by the Advising Bank, the Seller shall perform a Performance Guarantee representing _____% of the L/C value.

在收到通知行的买方的信用证以后，卖方应提交信用证金额的_____%的履行合同保证金。

(2) The Performance Guarantee shall be returned in full to the Seller after completion of shipment and delivery of the contracted goods. In case of non-delivery of (all or part) of the goods for reasons other than those specified in Clause 12, the Performance Guarantee shall be forfeited in favor of the Buyer in proportion to the quantity in default.

履行合同保证金应在合同货物出运完成后全款返还给卖方。万一货物因为第12款以外的原因不能交付(全部或部分)，此履行合同保证金应根据缺失的数量的比例以买方为受益人被没收。

(3) Should the Buyer breach the contract or fail to open the L/C in favor of the Seller within the period specified in Clause 9, (except for Clause 12), the Buyer has to pay the Seller the same value as the Performance Guarantee.

如果买方违约或没有能在第9款所规定的时间内开立以卖方为受益人的信用证，(除了第12款)，买方应付给卖方同样金额的履行合同保证金。

(4) The Letter of Credit must fulfill all the terms and conditions of this contract. The terms of the L/C should be clear, fair and made payable to the Seller. Upon acceptance of L/C by the advising bank, the Advising Bank shall send the Performance Guarantee to the Issuing Bank.

信用证必须满足此合同的所有条款。信用证的条款应是清楚的，公平的，和付给卖方的。在通知行收到L/C后，通知行应把履行合同保证金寄给开证行。

12. Force Majeure/不可抗力:

The Seller or the Buyer shall not be responsible for non-delivery or breach of contract for any reason due to Force Majeure which may include war, blockade, hostility, insurrection, strike, lockout, civil strife, commotion, governmental import/export restriction, riot, severe destruction by fire or flood or other natural factors beyond the control of human beings.

卖方或买方不因对由于不可抗力所造成的不出运或违约负责，包括：战争，封锁，敌意，叛乱，罢工，停工，内乱，骚乱，政府对进出口的限制，暴乱，由于在人类控制之外的由火灾，洪水或其它自然因素所造成的严重破坏。

In case the time of delivery for shipment has to be extended, the Buyer or the Seller shall have to provide evidence for such event.

万一出运时间必须延期，买方或卖方应提供此事件的证据。

考 网合同范文频道为大家整理了《英文版采购合同翻译详解》，供大家学习参考。

引子:鉴于现在对外交流事例逐渐增多,英文合同特别是经济合同的翻译愈显重要,若译文不准确或不严谨,势必会引起不必要的经济纠纷.故今以一英文(经济)合同写作书籍为蓝本,录入一些有益文字,希望大家共同提高英文(经济)合同的翻译和写作。

合同文件是合同双方签订并必须遵守的法律文件,因此合同中的语言应体现其权威性.英文合同用语的特点之一就表现在用词上,即选择那些法律用词,以及正式用词,使合同表达的意思准确无误,达到双方对合同中使用的词无可争议的程度。

一.hereby

英文释义:by means of , by reason of this

中文译词:特此,因此,兹

用法:常用于法律文件、合同、协议书等正式文件的开头语;在条款中需要强调时也可用。

语法：一般置于主语后,紧邻主语.

例1：

The Employer hereby covenants to pay the Contractor in consideration of the execution and completion of the Works and the remedying of defects therein the Contract Price or such other sum as may become payable under the provisions of the Contract at the time and in the manner prescribed by the Contract.

参考译文:

业主特此立约保证在合同规定的期限内,按合同规定的方式向承包人支付合同价,或合同规定的其它应支付的款项,以作为本工程施工、竣工及修补工程中缺陷的报酬。

注释:

(1)hereby: by reason of this 特此

(2)covenant: v. make a formal agreement 立约,签订合同、条约; n. legal agreement具有法律约束的正式合同

(3)completion of the Works: 工程的竣工

(4)therein: in the Works在本工程中

(5)the Contract Price: 合同总价,指工程的总造价

(6)such...as: 关系代词,相当于that, which

(7)under: in accordance with 根据,按照

(8)the provisions of the Contract: terms and conditions of the Contract合同条款

例2：

We hereby certify to the best of our knowledge that the foregoing statement is true and correct and all available information and data have been supplied herein, and that we agree to provide documentary proof upon your request.

注释：

(1)hereby：特此

(2)to the best of our knowledge：as far as we know据我们所知

(3)foregoing statement：above-mentioned statement上述声明

(4)herein：in this, in the statement在声明中

(5)documentary proof：证明文件

参考译文：

特此证明，据我们所知，上述声明内容真实，正确无误，并提供了全部现有的资料和数据，我们同意，应贵方要求出具证明文件。

例3：

This Contract is hereby made and concluded by and between Co. (hereinafter referred to as Party A) and Co. (hereinafter referred to as Party B) on (Date), in (Place), China, on the principle of equality and mutual benefit and through amicable consultation.

注释：

(1)hereby：特此

(2)hereinafter referred to as Party A：以下称甲方

(3)on the principle of equality and mutual benefit：在平等互利基础上

(4)through amicable consultation：通过友好协商

参考译文：

本合同双方， 公司(以下称甲方)与 公司(以下称乙方)，在平等互利基础上，通过友好协商，于 年 月 日在中国 (地点)，特签订本合同。

例4：

This agreement is hereby made and entered into on (Date), by and between Co. China (hereinafter referred to as Party A) and Co. (hereinafter referred to as Party B).

注释：

(1)this agreement is hereby made and entered into：特此订立本协议

在法律文件中表示“订立本协议”可用以下4个动词：sign (make, conclude or enter into) this agreement, 按照同义词连用的写作特点，可用上述4个动词中的两个来表示)。

(2)hereinafter referred to as Party B：以下简称乙方

参考译文：

本协议特由中国 公司(以下简称甲方)与 公司(以下简称乙方)于 年 月 日订立。

二 hereof

英文释义: of this

中文译词:关于此点;在本文件中

用法:在表示上文已提及的“本合同的、本文件的……”时，使用该词。例如表示本合同条件、条款时，可以说“the terms, conditions and provisions hereof”，这里hereof表示“of this Contract”;又如表示本工程的任何部分，可用“any parts hereof”，这里hereof表示“of this Works”。

语法：一般置于要修饰的名词的后面，与之紧邻。

hereof和thereof的区别：hereof强调“of this”。例如，上面的“the terms, conditions and provisions thereof”中的thereof表示of the Contract;“any parts thereof”中的thereof表示of the Works。

例1

Whether the custom of the Port is contrary to this Clause or not, the owner of the goods shall, without interruption, by day and night, including Sundays and holidays (if required by the carrier), supply and take delivery of the goods. Provided that the owner of the goods shall be liable for all losses or damages including demurrage incurred in default on the provisions hereof.

注释：

(1) Whether the custom of the Port is contrary to this Clause or not：不论港口习惯是否与本款规定相反，whether… or not：不论……是否

(2) the owner of the goods：货方

合同翻译是一种专业的翻译，翻译的时候一定要慎重，很多细节需要注意一下。在英文合同翻译中，前提条件是弄懂合同的定义，包括合同中应有的基本要素。

第一，英文合同的定义

在英文中，合同一般称为Contract或者Agreement。合同平等主体之间设立的确定民事权利和义务的

协议。合同是一种承诺，违反承诺可以得到法律救助，某种意义上法律将履行该承诺看作是一种补偿。

合同的成立必须具备几个主要因素。

它们(要约和承诺构成的)由协议、约因、设立法律关系的愿望和缔约能力四大部分组成。

第二，英文合同的结构特点

合同类法律文件用以规定当事人的权利与义务，是预防与解决争议的依据。合同英语行文缜密而准确，历史悠久，深含法律文

化底蕴。 中文的合同开头一般先罗列当事人的名称、姓名、住所或营业场所，然后是合同正文，结尾是当事人印章、授权代表签字、职

务及签字日期。而英语合同一般以下面这类句式为开头：

This agreement/contract is made and entered in to this ______day of______(month)，______(year) by and between

Party A (hereinafter called “ Party A ”)and Party B(hereinafter called “ Party B ”)

然后是开始陈述： WHEREAS...THEREFORE 　... It is hereby agreed as follows或以： WITNESSETH， WHEREAS... NOW THEREFORE， for and in consideration of the mutual covenants and agreements contained herein， the parties

hereby covenant and agree as follows:

接着是正文，最后是证明部分： IN WITNESS WHEREOF，the parties hereto have hereunto set their hands the day and years first above written.

随后还包括当事人和见证人的签字。签字日期一般在英文合同里搬弄是非是找不到的。

第三，英文合同翻译的用词特点(formal term)

合同英语的用词极其考究，具有特定性。要求选词专业化(professional)、正式(formal)、准确(accurate)。具体体现

在下列方面：

may，shall，must，may not(或shall not)的使用;may，shall， must，may not (或shall not)对学过英语的人来说再

熟悉不过了，但在合同中用这些词时要极其谨慎。 权利义务的约定部分构成了合同的主体。这几个词如选用不当，可能会引起纠纷。 may旨在约定当事人的权利(可以做什么)，shall约定当事人的义务(应当做什么时候)，must用于强制性义务(必须做什么

)，may not (或shall not)用于禁止性义务(不得做什么)。may do不能说成can do，shall do，不能说成should do或ought to

do， may not do

正式用语(formal term) 合同英语有着严肃的风格，与其它英语作品有着很大不同之处。例如： “因为”的短语多用“by virtue of ”，远远多于“due to”，一般不用“because of ”; “财务年度末”一般用“at the close of the fiscal year”，而不用“in the end of the fiscal year”; “在……之前”一般用“prior to”，而不用“before”; “关于”用“regards”，“concerning”或“relating to”，而不会用“about”; “事实上”用“in effect”，而不用“in fact”;“开始”

用“commencement”，而不用“start”或“begin"; “停止做”用“cease to do”，而不用“stop to do”; “何时开会并由某某主持”的表述为：The meeting shall be convened and presided by sb. “其他事项”用“miscellaneous”，而不用“other matters/events”; “理解合同”用“construe a contract”或

“comprehend a contract”，而不用“understand a contract”; “认为”用

“deem”，用“consider”少，不用“think”或“believe”;

用词专业(technical terms) 合同用词不以大众是否理解和接受为转移，它是合同语言准确表达的保障。如合同出现的“瑕疵”、“救济”、“不可抗力”

、“管辖”、“损毁”、“灭失”等就可能让非行业人士费解，用以上英语表达分别为defect，remedy，force majeure /Act of

God，jurisdiction，damage and/or loss。另外几乎每个合同都少不了hereinafter referred to as ，such... as ，whereas，

in witness whereof， for and on behalf of ， hereby， thereof 等虚词，就其中几个细说： 比如：

1. Hereby: by means of; by reason of this之意，即特此，因此，兹等意。常用于法律文件、合同协议的正式文件的开头

语，在条款中需要强调时也可用。举原文说明，如：The Employer hereby covenants to pay the Contractor in consideration

of the execution and completion of the Works and the remedying of defects therein the Contract Price or such other

sum as may become payable under the provisions of the Contract at the time and in the manner prescribed by the

Contract. 文中： ★hereby意为 by reason of this，特此的意思。 ★ therein意为in the Works在本工程中。 ★ such...as是关系代词，相当于that， which，把要限定的词置于such与as之间使要限定的名词十分明确，避免合同双方在

理解上发生争议。 其它的还有： “赔偿”用“indemnities”，而不用“compensation” “不动产出让”用“conveyance”，而不用“transfer of real estate”“房屋出租”用

“tenancy”，而“财产出租”用“lease of property”“停业”用“wind up a business”或“cease (名词是cessation) a business”，而不用“end/stop a business”。 还款或专利申请的“宽限期”英文为“grace”， “当事人在破产中的和解”用“composition” “依照合同相关规定”一般说成“pursuant to provisions contained herein”或“as provided herein”等，不说成

“according to relevant terms and conditions in the contract”。“合同任何一方当事人不得转让本合同”英文表述为“Neither party hereto may assign this contract”，其中“hereto

”表示“to the contract”，选用“Neither party to the contract”较少。

2.同义词、近义词、相关词的序列

FOR value RECEIVED，the undersigned does hereby sell， transfer， assign and set over to _____all his right，

tile and interest in and to a certain contract dated_____， 19 _____by and between the undersigned and _____，a

copy of which is annexed hereto.

在这里的同义词和近义词并列(如sell， transfer， assign and set over，right和 tile and interest)，在英文合同里

十分普遍。这是出于严谨和杜绝漏洞的考虑，有的也属于合同用语的固定模式。如： This agreement is made and entered into by and between Party A and Party B.句中“made and entered into”和“by

and between”两组分别属于同义词和相关词并列。

For and in consideration of mutual covenants and agreements contained herein， the parties hereby covenant and

agree as follows: 句中“for and in consideration of ”， “covenants and agreements”三组同义司和近义词并列。The parties have agreed to vary the Management on the terms and subject to the conditions contained herein. 这

里的“on the terms”和“subject to the conditions”是一个意思，都表示“依照本协议的条款规定”。合同条款的固定模式

是“terms and conditions”

再例如：“Party A wishes to be released and discharged from agreement as from the effective date”，一句的“release”和“discharge”的意思几乎相同。并列的词还有： ships and vessels ，support and maintenance ，licenses and permits ，charges， fees， costs and expenses， any and all ，any duties， obligations or liabilities ，the partners， their heirs， successors and assigns 。

第四，英文合同翻译中的注意事项

实践证明，英文合同中容易出现差错的地方，一般来说不是大的陈述性条款，而恰恰是一些关键的细目。比如：金钱、时间、

数量等。为了避免出差错，在英译合同时，常常使用一些有限定作用的结构来界定细目所指定的确切范围。A. 限定责任 众所周知，合同中要明确规定双方的责任。为英译出双方责任的权限与范围，常常使用连词和介词的固定结构。

现把最常用的此类结构举例说明如下。

and/or常用 and/or 英译合同中“甲和乙+甲或乙”的内容，这样就可避免漏译其中的一部分。

例1：如果上述货物对船舶和(或)船上其它货物造成任何损害，托运人应负全责。 The shipper shall be liable for all damage caused by such goods to the ship and/or cargo on board.

by and between 常用by and between强调合同是由“双方”签订的，因此双方必须严格履行合同的责任。例2：买卖双方同意按下述条款购买

出售下列商品并签订本合同。 This Contract is made by and between the Buyer and the Seller，whereby the Buyer agrees to buy and the Seller

agrees to sell the undermentioned commodity subject to the terms and conditions stipulated below. B. 限定时间英译与时间有关的文字，都应非常严格慎重地处理，因为合同对时间的要求是准确无误。所以英译起止时间时，

常用以下结构来限定准确的时间。

双介词 用双介词英译含当天日期在内的起止时间。 例3:自9月20日起，甲方已无权接受任何定单或收据。Party A shall be unauthorized to accept any orders or to collect any account on and after September 20. 例4：我公司的条件是，3个月内，即不得晚于5月1日，支付现金。　Our terms are cash within three months， i.e. on or before May 1.3.2.2 not (no) later than用“not (no) later

than +日期”英译“不迟于某月某日”。例5：本合同签字之日一个月内，即不迟于12月15日，你方须将货物装船。Party B shall ship the goods within one month of the date of signing this Contract， i.e. not later than

December 15.

include的相应形式 。常用include的相应形式：inclusive、including和included来限定含当日在内的时间。例6：本证在北京议付，有效期至1月1日。

This credit expires till January 1(inclusive) for negotiation in Beijing. (or This credit expires till and

including January 1 for negotiation in Beijing.) 如果不包括1月1日在内，英译为till and not including January 1。

大写文字重复金额英译金额须在小写之后，在括号内用大写文字重复该金额，即使原文合同中没有大写，英译时也必须加

上大写。在大写文字前加上“SAY”，意为“大写”;在最后加上“ONLY”意思为“整”。必须注意：小写与大写的金额数量要一

致。例7：聘方须每月付给受聘方美元500元整。 Party A shall pay Party B a monthly salary of US $ 500 (SAY FIVE HUNDRED US DOLLARS ONLY).

正确使用货币符号 。英译金额必须注意区分和正确使用各种不同的货币名称符号。“$”既可代表“美元”，又可代表其他某些地方的货币;而“

￡”不仅代表“英镑”，又可代表其他某些地方的货币。必须注意：当金额用数字书写时，金额数字必须紧靠货币符号，例如：

Can $891，568，不能写成：Can $ 891，568。另外，翻译时还要特别注意金额中是小数点(.)还是分节号(，)，因为这两个符号极

易引起笔误，稍有疏忽，其后果是不堪设想的。